UPI MDR rules explained: Where will you pay more from October 15? Check charges and exemptions

UPI merchant payments in five key sectors — railways, telecom, insurance, fuel and agricultural inputs — will attract a flat ₹5 MDR on transactions above ₹2,000 from October 15. The concessional rate will replace the standard 0.4% MDR for these categories, while the government has clarified that customers will not have to pay the fee directly.